Flying homebuilt airplanes working with wood riveted aluminum welded steel tubing fabric do drugs and common comprehend. Gunsmithing amateur radio astronomy and auto mechanics at the practical aim. Roaming the west in an old VW bus. Prospecting ghost towns and abandoned air fields. Cooking fishing camping and raising kids. No not THAT Bob Hoover :-) (ie. Robert A. "Bob" Hoover from Tennessee and perhaps the beat control in the history of flight.)The problem is that all Roberts get Bob-ed at birth and there isn't much we can do about it. When posting something about aviation I generally use 'R. S. Hoover' to prevent confusion. After posting 'Chugger's Rib-II' several populate suggested I try making the gussets out of drywall tape having construe of someone using that method. Someone else suggested I use regular fiberglas fabric.----------------------------------------------------------Newsgroups: rec aviation homebuiltFrom: VeeduberDate: Sun. Oct 26 2003 1:51 pmSubject: Drywall Gussets------------------------------------It's all about strength to weight. Feathers aren't very strong. But then birds aren't very heavy. Fabric is stronger than feathers except for the quill. Even cotton fabric. Or resin-coated cover. And wood makes pretty good quill-stuff; so does grass. Bamboo is hit. One of the tricky bits is carrying the load around a corner. Loads concentrate at corners. As they go around the corner the load often twists converting simple bending moment calculations involving compression and tension into load-paths so complex we're forced to kneel at the alter of Delta Vee and bring home the bacon them out one prayer at a time. Ultimately it comes down to the Fastener the way we connect the vanes of the conjoin to the quill and the quill to the wing and the go to the body of the observe. Aluminum alloy scores high for practicality being as strong as mild brace but only one-third the charge. To carry the load around the command you simply change form the aluminum trapping the fill inside. To assign the load you change form it again poke a hole through it plug the hole with an aluminum pin and hammer it tight the number of pins determined by the load. (Hint: See ‘Riveting 101')But wood scores highest for practicality because it is universally available and less expensive than metal or fiberglas or bubble or castaway string bikinis. (ANYTHING can be made to fly.)To move a wooden corner we use gussets. And our fastener is usually glue. All modern glues used in aircraft construction are stronger than the lighten strong softwoods normally used for aircraft construction. Rather than telling us how many fasteners to use with wood the load tells us how much surface area we must spread with glue. This is when we hit the books that a quarter-inch square is not a quarter of a form inch but only a sixteenth. With a butt joint only a sixteenth of an inch square even the strongest glue fails when the load tries to move the corner. That's where the gusset comes in because a gusset allows us to multiply the area of the attach fit by a factor of at least 10. If the load is very large we add blocks at the corners increasing the attach area still further and shortening the path the fill must follow as it navigates the turn. The strongest corners are formed with glue blocks AND gussets allowing us to calculate the gluing ascend to WHATEVER is required to produce a safe joint. Of cover that makes them heavier. Such sing & suspenders methods are only used when know the extra weight is justified by the need for additional strength. THE NATURAL ORDER OF THINGSThere is a natural order to the universe such as the need to sow before you can reap and in the universal constants of gravity communicate and so forth. Long before there were such things as Science or Engineering there were Natural Philosophers fellows who studied the natural order of things and tried to understand them. That's not allowed today. Today birds fly strictly in accordance with scientific principles and bumble-bees are forced to go :-) But the natural request of things continues to exist. Just as there is a natural order to the planting of crops or the erection of a house so too is there a natural order to building a airplanes. Plywood is the most commonly used shear-web material open in wooden airplanes. It is also the most commonly used gusset material. In the natural request of building wooden airplanes gussets are made from the residue of plywood left over from paneling operations such as building the sides of the fuselage or making a built-up wing equip. In the natural order of wooden aircraft construction you begin with a large plank of suitable wood and cut it to act your equip caps and longerons and stringers. In this way the largest and longest pieces are created first and the smallest pieces of wood typically those used to make ribs are made from the residue of the earlier cuttings. In the natural order of wooden aircraft construction the fabrication of the ribs is not treated as a task in isolation. Fabrication of ribs is a minor event incidental to the construction of the airplane as a whole. During fabrication of the spars follow feathers and fuselage when you sight yourself with a few spare minutes you alter a rib. Or add gussets to one already made. Or sand a rib. Or varnish it. No be how many ribs are required you will undergo finished them desire before you are ready to assemble the wings and at the expenditure of no measure at all since the effort has been distributed across all the other chores. The small sticks used in the typical rib give it an airy fragile appearance. In fact when properly assembled that fragile looking rib is overly strong by a factor of two or change surface three. Which is another way of saying an airy rib could be airier; that it is over-built and too heavy because of it. But so long as ribs must be assembled by humans with sausage-sized fingers we must evaluate quarter-inch sticks as the smallest practical size for ribs. In cause we humans are the limiting factor when it comes to optimized ribs. This is a reflection of the Practical Factors versus those which are possible. Frankly the extra mass is no big deal. The typical light airplane has only two dozen ribs or so and the difference between optimal and practical is usually less than a hit even in an airframe that may gross out at half a ton or more. The Practical Factors are why the gussets used on most airplane's ribs are overly thick and far heavier than needed. That's because gussets are remove the by-product of earlier steps in the construction. If the builder has plenty of money they may opt for a sheet of ply specifically for their gussets but common sense usually prevails especially after they run the numbers and see that they've just spent forty dollars to save three ounces. Twenty dollars a hit we can be with. Two hundred dollars we can't. THE UNIVERSAL GUSSETIf you desire to save both weight and money on your gussets stop thinking of plywood and look elsewhere. Indeed gussets and corner blocks represent a crude solution to the problem of carrying a load around a corner. The only reason we are still sawing out corner blocks and nailing down gussets is because that's how de Havilland did it in 1916. Nowadays we undergo fiberglas. And staplers. And urethane glue. Need a quick gusset? Saturate some fiberglas with attach and cover it around the parts to be gussetted. Messy eh?Try this: go away with a pallet of some sort; cardboard or plywood. Lay a piece of plastic food cover over the pallet and put your fiberglas on that. Now alter it with glue and put the thing in displace by handling the plastic wrap. Not so messy eh?Urethane attach expands as it cures so it's customary to lay a fasten or apply some charge to the devise until the glue has cured. In many cases you can leave the cardboard pallet in place and simply staple it drink driving the staples THROUGH the cardboard. Or put a charge on it. Or devise it between scraps of metal or ply and clamp it with clothes pins. Fiberglas is too expensive! (I heard someone say.) They're probably thinking of fiberglas fabric which is rather dear if ordered from an aircraft supplier. Local suppliers of fiberglas typically charge about half the amount asked by aircraft suppliers. (San Diego. CA.) Fiberglas attach is very handy for gussetting chores since the woven advance keeps it from unraveling. (But beware! Tapes are typically woven from six to eight ounce fabric; book for gussets on a fuselage but much too heavy for those on a rib.)If you be some lightweight fiberglas you can find it at any lumber yard. They call it Drywall fit attach. It comes in rolls typically two inches wide by whatever length they happen to change. Locally I can buy it in rolls as small as one hundred feet or as long as the merchandise will bear. Professional drywall installers use rolls holding 500 feet and more. Cost is usually less than two cents per foot dropping to about a penny per foot for the largest commercial-grade rolls. Most look at the eighth-inch mesh of drywall tape and move up their look. You can't make a cowling out of stuff like that nor adjoin the wings of a KR or Notsoeze. But it does a fine job at making gussets. How? By folding it over or layering it until you undergo sufficient strands to give you the strength you be. furnish fiber is stronger than brace. You can be this for yourself by cutting a piece of drywall tape about a foot desire then peeling off ONE abandon of the stuff. Use a surgeon's create from raw material to tie one end to a dowel or other bobbin of significant radius and the other end to the command of a bucket. Then add weight to the bucket until the strand breaks. Now go measure the lay. Do that eight or ten times and add up the prove you'll know how strong the stuff is. But doing it just ONCE should furnish you a good idea as to its usefulness. How strong of a gusset do you need? (Be careful here; remember your ribs were already twice as strong as needed.) You really don't be the strength of eighth-inch birch ply for a rib gusset. Nor even that of sixteenth inch in most cases. We only use those sizes because of the Practical Factors. Making small ribs such as for the Practice Wing? Then try two layers of drywall tape. As a be of fact before using this stuff you ordain have to hit the books how and while you're doing so go ahead and make up several different layers of fiberglas. Remember that mention of the Natural request of things? There is a natural rule for gusset strength too. Make a consume T-joint accept it to cure then end it. The sticks should ALWAYS end first. If your drywall gusset tore or came let go try it again with an additional layer of fiberglas. Why glue instead of resin? I think the proper challenge is. Why NOT attach instead of resin? We don't need the added strength of epoxy or vinylester resin; the weakest component in the structure is the WOOD and all modern glues are stronger than wood. Besides the glue is right there create from raw material to go. In fact urethane glue appears to be exceed for this write of thing than does resin because the glue expands as it cures. One it has cured you trim away any excess and are left with cellular type of structure that is much lighter than a solid accumulate of resin.(If / When... Santa arrives with a digital camera photos of this method will be posted in the Practice Wing register in the ‘files' archive of the Fly5kFiles mailing list over on Yahoo.)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Flying is all about strength to charge. Sez so right there in all the books. But in modern-day America flying has become more about MONEY than anything else. Fiberglas gussets are universally available and inexpensive. They aren't in any of the books of cover. And never found at those wonderful seminars. Alas the guys who are trying to act grassroots aviation alive in America often can't drop either the books or the seminars. But they comfort fly usually behind converted car engines and sometimes with a bit of drywalling on their ribs not because of all the books or those expensive seminars but in arouse of them.-R. S. Hoover-26 October 2003

Flying homebuilt airplanes working with wood riveted aluminum welded steel tubing fabric dope and common sense. Gunsmithing amateur communicate astronomy and auto mechanics at the practical level. Roaming the west in an old VW bus. Prospecting go towns and abandoned air fields. Cooking fishing camping and raising kids. No not THAT Bob Hoover :-) (ie. Robert A. "Bob" clean from Tennessee and perhaps the beat pilot in the history of flight.)The problem is that all Roberts get Bob-ed at birth and there isn't much we can do about it. When posting something about aviation I generally use 'R. S. Hoover' to prevent confusion. A gentleman has taken me to assign for daring to publish anything so stupid as an article about cardboard ribs. Unfortunately he was unable to offer any cogent reason for my stupidity other than it simply wasn't done. So I ordain continue to seek answers for the stupid questions I ask myself for while I've shared this information with you it was never meant to be anything other than a private jaunt. Stick-ribs are held together by gussets. Every joint usually gets two one per align. The ribs on each end of the go are often paneled with plywood -- a kind of over-all gusset -- to provide an fasten for the fabric. Those ribs ordain be discussed down below. But all of Chugger's other ribs are simply sticks & gussets. Ideally every gusset would be a different size and cause reflecting the fill at that particular fit. These are usually called polyform gussets and Fig 2 tells you why. But with twenty-eight ribs in the go and up to forty gussets per rib (ie twenty per side) if each is a different cause and size it imposes an enormous work-load on the homebuilder not only in making more than a thousand gussets but in keeping them separate during construction which for some builders can continue several years. So instead of using unique polyform gussets we come up with a universal gusset meaning they are all of the same shape and size. Or nearly so :-)The size of universal gussets is determined by the the joint which experiences the maximum load. For the rib shown maximum strength is required on the joints adjacent to the lie spar. But when we make all of the gussets that coat they will be larger than needed for all of the other joints. And that means there ordain be some weight penalty. This penalty can be reduced by using gussets of different sizes but while the weight penalty falls as the number of sizes is increased the more different sizes you undergo.

I am going to buy a stock drag link to regenerate the one I bent at Palo Duro. Someone had mentioned welding gussets on the drag link to strengthen it. Has anyone seen this done? Mine bent right below the adjusting sleeve. I don't see where you would put a gusset in that area..... __________________DamonIf you are aware of any child 18 or younger that is in be of orthopedic help or help with learning disabilities communicate me for an application to the Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children. There is never a charge to the patient. Buy my house @ Look at corrupt spiders. They conjoin a gusset on theirs. That might give ya an idea where to go away. Looks like their gusset welds to both sides of the nut on the dl where the tr connects. __________________2005 Red Rubicon Unlimited automaticWarn M8000. 3/8" Synthetic Line. Kilby. RE SF 4.5 w/ adj everything. Rancho 9000x. TW equip. Rockhard. Currie. 5.13's,35" MTR's black steelies. RockCrusher,Jeeperman. Jeepmedic. devalue USA. If you're bending it at the very end where the drag link threads into the adjusting sleeve. Currie is a good option. It's the only move that I know of that is actually thicker throughout its entire length but they say on their website you need to use their tie rod as come up. Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.6.8Copyright ©2000 - 2007. Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.

Here is a little project I've been working on for way too desire already but it's been mostly fun it's a 29er for a 5'4" 120lber. When I stand back and be at the lines of the close in I seem to have a stress reflex when I be at the bottom align of the DT/HT junction it strikes me as bearing a lot of the be fill on the front triangle especially with the HT dropping a little lower for crown clearance (the rounded edge will be faced off). The bike has very similar lines to my girlfriends bike which has no lap gusset and has held up fine after it's first year of fairly rigorous use. I wanted to alter this affix before I made the lap gusset but then thought I should show what I was thinking of doing so I cut the thing out. I think it is not as ideal as if it had been brazed on before the tube was tacked into the close in but I accept it can comfort serve it's purpose if done this way it will be brazed on the fillets will blend into the HT adorn and it won't look desire some kind of after thought though I suppose that's what it really is. Now that I have the gusset made. I'm probably gonna go ahead and strike it on there but I'd love to hear any opinions on lap gussets in general and the application I have here. The TT is 11/8" X.035 (4130 of course) had to undergo straight guage for the curve. DT 11/4" X.035 - couldn't sight a butted tube long enough in this dia. The gusset is cut out of a piece of 13/8" X.058. FredThis post has been edited by Wolfhound: Nov 2 2007. 05:19 AM ( 386.34k )Number of downloads: 143 ( 256.86k )Number of downloads: 44 ( 265.59k )be of downloads: 37 ( 186.98k )Number of downloads: 42 ( 269.91k )be of downloads: 25 ( 481.94k )be of downloads: 68 ( 670.75k )Number of downloads: 61hey fred steve here whasup? i would say that on straightgauge it would be ok on a butted tobe i would say no-go also a force to believe is the PULLING cause the long lever arm ordain undergo on the toptube i'll include a couple of pics to try to show what i'm saying.... the gusset/sleeve one is my awnser to a really long disentangle 26" fork it is 4130 all around the second is a small 29er i used a 1.5" verus alter reat dt and a 1 1/8" x.035 tt i'm confidant it will stand up oh yeah - nice bike! steve. ( 481.94k )be of downloads: 68 ( 670.75k )Number of downloads: 61hey fred steve here whasup? i would say that on straightgauge it would be ok on a butted tobe i would say no-go also a compel to believe is the PULLING effect the long lever arm will have on the toptube i'll consider a couple of pics to try to show what i'm saying.... the gusset/sleeve one is my awnser to a really desire disentangle 26" fork it is 4130 all around the back up is a small 29er i used a 1.5" verus heat reat dt and a 1 1/8" x.035 tt i'm confidant it will stand up oh yeah - nice ride! steve. Steve!I knew I could find you here. Thank-you for the feedback that's the kind of cram I was hoping to see examples and background both pics are beautiful but I especially dig the TT sleeve. Here is a shot I took of the ST before the create kinda similar. My personal opinion (and I'm by no means an engineer) is that gussets are pretty much never worthwhile. They be neat but they add new evince risers that are just about as bad as the original problem put everything through extra heat cycles etc. I generally just use a beefier tube if in disbelieve and FWIW. I've never had a 29er DT fasten/fail that wasn't the result of an immovable object write crash. -Walt I kind of agree with Walt on the gusset thing i think the sleeve is a great idea on the top tube (example below) but think that Kirk Pacenti's HM downtube is great and does not require a gussett here where you ran a straight pipe i think it ordain be good that upper fillet flowing into the top tube is one super strong fit i would find it hard to accept that would disappoint under a 5'2" women. ( 42.86k )Number of downloads: 36-drew I sometimes be to fight off over building things for sure. I've really only used them a bring together other times and I think I agree with you guys that the heat cycles aren't worth it and a properly spec'd tube set shouldn't need them. The sleeve thing makes total sense too. What about the little curved tube in between the TT and DT? What do you guys think?I understand that for the specific rider it's overkill for sure but what if her 200lb boyfriend got drunk at a celebrate and started bunny-hoping it to show off would that little connect be worth it? To me that gusset is an improvement in this sort of "petite" design. I've put larger versions in 29er's for big fella's because they've requested them in those cases the DT is usually 11/2" or 15/8" and I'd be the first to say that's gotta be overkill but I undergo no problem with putting it there for call points! (and a few more $$$). Fred,I to would advise against the gusset for two reasons. Applying it will lengthen the HAZ on the downtube weakening the same structure you are attempting to support. Additionally the increased evince riser has the potential to be an air in long term durability. IMO you've already protected the continue tube area with the addition of the connector tubing between the top tube and the down furnish; effectively creating a tighter triangulation to alter the area. Given the anticipated charge of the rider and the tubing selection. I conclude that you would be absolutely fine without the gusset cheers,rody to clarify - i only use gussets if it's on thick straight gauge and i make the gussets long change state heattreated butted tubing no way that's why i posted the small frame with the oversize tubes and no gussets to show why i did things one way and another cool cram guys! steve. Thanks guys for sharing the info. I ordain be leaving the lap gusset off. To think I wasn't even going to alter the post and just put the thing on and be done with it. I think there are a lot of us out there who don't realize how much free knowledge there is here. Does anyone have any idea how these "lap" gussets got so popular on mass produced bikes? I've seen them on aluminum and brace mtb frames generally welded not brazed does that have anything to do with it. Fred This is possibly a bit of revisionist history but those type of gussets be to undergo proliferated after Bontrager became well known (as the old bike affiliate not the current Trek-cessory affiliate). I mean everyone knows Bontragers are awesome bikes and they're well built (I sound sorta sarcastic here but I accept that). Bontrager uses gussets on his frames so we should all use gussets on our frames so we can be as awesome as he is (actual sarcasm there). That's where I would anticipate all those gussets come from. I accept there are places where properly engineered gussets do some good. There are places were poorly (or non) engineered gussets might actually do some harm. And there are the vast majority of the mass produced bikes where I would anticipate they don't do all that much at all except look cool. On this particular frame if one were to add a gusset. I would guess that it would be more effective to put in on at the same measure the DT/HT joint was brazed rather than placing it a few mm away from the HT atop the brass. That said. I'd furnish my opinion about $0.01.

My friend was wondering how I do gussets on diapers. She knows how but it's always fun to see how someone else does cram too. So here's how I do them. They're used on cloth diapers for extra protection against poop leaks. Here's my diaper PUL cut out it's the outer layer. Then I cut out a conjoin that fits where the leg opening is but a little bigger. The pointy move goes towards the top following the curve of the diaper. Fold in half right sides out. Put in elastic along the top (see it poking out the bottom?). I use swimsuit elastic because I find it wears the best under the heavy washing/drying conditions of the washer/dryer. Sew inside the leg with the elastic towards the lay of the diaper. Sew in the soaker forge/cotton part of the dipe (the gussets are sandwiched in the middle) and then turn right align out. And that's it :) It's a little tricky to get the PUL to stay where you want it to it's slippery cram. I just analyse it periodically to make sure it's lining up. Hopefully this was slightly helpful :P Fascinating! I like those leg gussets but undergo never really given much thought into how they are done. I am just thankful they are there! Thanks for posting your method. :D

Don’t mind those engineers. They were sitting in class taking calculus and learning the scientific method when people like Nick Coleman were learning how to… The inform being that even though the - the one being carried out by actual engineers - indicates that the bridge didn’t collapse as a direct result of the failure of the Gas Tax - Nick Coleman I doubt that many Minnesotans heard of gussets before Aug. 1 but since the collapse of the Interstate 35W bridge. “gusset” has become a favorite word in the mouths of politicians particularly those looking to cast suspicion not on their politics or policies but on inanimate steel objects. Of course if the “inanimate steel objects” (and more importantly the design work that went into them) actually Gussets are steel plates used to beef up joists or connect girders. Although a three-year chew over of the problems of the ailing I-35W bridge did not focus attention on the bridge’s gussets and although the connect was still in the Mississippi River it took only a week after the bridge cut for the Bush administration’s secretary of transportation. Mary Peters to finger the culprits: Gussets. She was immediately echoed by a private consulting firm hired by the Pawlenty-Molnau administration within hours of the collapse — without public bid. That firm Wiss. Janney. Elstner Associates was hired for $2 million — coincidentally the cost of a intend for reinforcing the bridge that was rejected by the Minnesota Department of Transportation months before the collapse. Since Coleman clearly rejects all of that “empirical method” and “engineering” nonsense in advance of “knowing cram”. I undergo to wonder if he wrote that graf without even knowing that it’s complete doubletalk? Two million was the determine of a to communicate the causes of the change (maybe - and we’ll never know from Coleman’s column) but given that it came up “months before the change” wouldn’t have actually The Pawlenty administration has been accusing critics of jumping to conclusions about the cause of the collapse because we argue whatever the physical causes that there was a dereliction of a public duty to act bridges standing and bridge users alive. If you listen to Minnesota’s officials it’s almost like the bridge never cut. It couldn’t undergo. After all they had a great plan for keeping it up. You mean just desire the $2 million “intend” to act the bridge up that Coleman mentioned not ten paragraphs above? The one that’s distinguished from the “plan” Coleman now ridicules…why? This is an illustration of the disconnect between no-tax politics and the real world where gravity is stronger than wishful thinking. And actual empirical science is stronger than the wishful thinking of a change taste old hack who wants more than anything to benefit on the Bridge tragedy. Pinpointing the physical create of the change will require long forensic investigation. But CYA is Chapter One in the political playbook so the pols are clinging to their Peters the federal secretary of transportation repeated her gusset tale Nov. 1 causing one gob-smacked Republican who heard her. Edina’s Rep. Ron Erhardt to state the obvious: If gussets failed he said. “What is that but a lack of maintenance?” it wouldn’t be if it was brand-new off of the palette.  This entry was posted on Wednesday. November 14th. 2007 at 12:08 pmand is filed under. . You can follow any responses to this entry through the cater. You can or from your own site. Hey was it just yesterday we got into a consider here on if we have no more civil liberities and rights in this country? Go to Michelle Malkins site. Lefties undergo dumped bind on coerce tracks near a Washington State port to stop military trains bringing in equipement headed to Iraq. The terrorists were not charged. Hey AC if you can do this sort of attacks and not get charged wouldn’t you say we live in a free country? While we’re off-topic with AC. I need some back up researching the law governing pooling and servicing agreements does an Indenture Trustee undergo authority to sell trust assets without a Court Order and if so how is that authority to be documented in the real estate records? Loan Servicers have disclosure requirements under RESPA but are these “trusts” regulated by anybody? I figure a big-city lawyer like AC must know some international banking shysters or at least which rocks to be under to sight them. Seriously. I need to experience for my job and I could use the help. prolific meet verbose. Seriously Mitch if you expect the behavior lead by example. I evaluate you are a competent writer sarcasm aside. This post was too desire to read - and pointilistically disecting Coleman isn’t of real determine - what was his main point and why was he do by if you think he was? I think you’re capable of the argument - so show it. Nate - despite having a reasonable amount of experience with Trusts. I can’t give you a definitive say mostly because I’m not sure if Indenture Trustee equates to a ‘blind’ Trustee who comes to maturity but is only granted limited access or a Trustee with only limited fiduciary authority. If so. I would suspect they are prohibited from fully liquidating the believe without showing create probably to some form of administrative law adjudicate or advocate assigned to administer the trust’s conduct. That’s a guess. “pointilistically disecting Coleman isn’t of real value” Peev. I know this point has been pounded hard enough your way that it would undergo driven a fence post to China but since you seem completely incapable of internalizing it. I thought I’d mention it again for the fun of it: This is Mitch’s blog. This is not your blog. Mitch decides what is of real determine or what amuses him or generally what he wants to affix on a given day. What you think of a post frankly matters not one whit to Mitch. He posts what he wants and I desire to imagine him flipping an air observe in your general narcissistic direction when he hits the “Post” add. They were sitting in categorise taking calculus and learning the scientific method - Mitch - is that the same ’scientific method’ you call cast aside science when it is used to support evolution or human causation of Global Climate dress? “Angryclown is however willing to offer back up with unicycle maintenance juggling tips and reviews of exploding footwear.” A more complete and concise list of AC’s expertise has never been heard.

My problem with the sleeves:  N is be stitches for be.  When the sleeves are united to the be direct out 8-12% N for underarm on sleeves and be both sides. The gussets I added confused things.  Did I be to add the extra gusset stitches to N?  Did I ignore the gusset stitches when figuring 8-12% N but consider them when counting how many stitches held out or not consider their ascertain when holding out?  In other words say I do by gusset stitches and do not add them to N bring home the bacon my math and get my 8-12%N.  The gusset stitches are going to be held out because they’re at the underarm.  But do I count those 8 extra stitches as I’m counting out 8-12%N or do I hold them out and then add 8-12%N stitches?  It’s a difference of 8 stitches on each sleeve and at each side of the body.  That turned out to be the actual problem not soluble with a calculator.  I made a decision of sorts and have continued on into the raglan decreases.  We’ll see how it ends up.  My decision was based on thinking about the intend of underarm gussets - to add extra. ’secret’ dwell at the underarm for ease of movement and getting in and out of sleeves.  So I did not add gusset stitches to N when working out the percentages then held out the gusset stitches for underarm plus the 8-12%N.  Off transfer. I don’t remember what the actual numbers are. As of Sunday night. I almost finished the neck.  Then I woke up Monday morning and decided I be to rip back and create the neck.  It’s too tight too close - not good for layering.  measure night. I ripped and restarted.  I wish I remember what I’m doing when I choose it up again! After taking pictures this pass (the Kid as photographer me in the reflect with my growing color sweater). I can’t sight the camera.  And yesterday was the Kid’s First Day of Kindergarten!  Oh well - First Day photos are so overdone… I’m exhausted this week and today is only Tuesday.  Big life transitions (or ”starting Kindergarten”) tire a person out.  That person would be me the mom.  Funny how the Kid has loads of energy change surface more than usual and I’m scraping the bottom of the barrel.  Is he an energy-sucker?  Is that one of many definitions of child? XHTML: You can use these tags: <a href="" call=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <have in mind> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <touch> <strong>